06 Dec The tradition of Saint Nicholas in France

In the heart of Europe, the tradition of Saint Nicholas remains alive and vibrant, especially in the northern and eastern regions of France. This festivity, celebrated on December 6th, has a special charm that distinguishes it from other Christmas celebrations. Let’s explore this fascinating French tradition that can be an interesting topic for your Spanish students.

Origins of Saint Nicholas

Saint Nicholas, also known as Nicholas of Myra, was a bishop who lived in the 3rd century in Asia Minor (present-day Turkey). His reputation for generosity and as a protector of children gave rise to numerous legends that have endured to this day. This celebration is a continuation of rituals practiced since time immemorial in Europe with the arrival of winter.

Nicolas de Myre by Giovanni Bellini

The celebration in France

The feast of Saint Nicholas is mainly celebrated in Lorraine, Alsace, the Ardennes, Hauts-de-France, and Franche-Comté. Although it’s not an official holiday, traditions include:

• Parades and processions in cities
• Distribution of sweets to children
• Placing socks in front of the fireplace or entrance door

In Alsace, Saint Nicholas is accompanied by the “Père Fouettard” (Father Whipper), a local legendary figure who punishes naughty children.

The evolution from Saint Nicholas to Santa Claus was gradual:

1. In the 11th century, the cult of Saint Nicholas spread throughout the West.

2. In the 16th century, the Protestant Reformation transformed the saint’s figure into a semi-secular character in the Netherlands.

3. In the 19th century, Dutch immigrants brought the tradition to America.

4. American authors and artists shaped the modern image of Santa Claus.

5. In the 1930s, Coca-Cola popularized the image of Santa Claus dressed in red and white.

The tradition in Strasbourg

In Strasbourg, where our school is located, the celebration of Saint Nicholas has a special flavor. The German influence is noticeable, as the tradition is particularly strong across the Rhine. Children place a shoe in front of the house door on the night of December 5th, hoping that Saint Nicholas will fill it with oranges, nuts, and chocolate.

If you’re still not satisfied, watch this episode of  Karambolage.